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Science DailyThe brain speaks: Scientists decode words from brain signalsIn an early step toward letting severely paralyzed people speak with their thoughts, researchers translated brain signals into words using two grids of 16 microelectrodes implanted beneath the skull but atop the brain. Short nighttime sleep duration among infants, young children associated with obesity in later life Insufficient amounts of nighttime sleep among infants and preschool-aged children may be a significant risk factor for developing childhood obesity, according to a new article. Additionally, napping does not appear to be an adequate substitute for nighttime sleep in terms of preventing obesity. Imaging reveals key metabolic factors of cannibalistic bacteria Researchers have revealed new details about how cannibalistic bacteria identify peers suitable for consumption. The work, which employed imaging mass spectrometry, is a first step toward a broader effort to map all signaling molecules between organisms. First Irish genome sequenced The first entire genome of an Irish individual has been sequenced. The sequence provides insight into the evolutionary history of this distinct lineage. Critically endangered whales may be fleeing Russian oil and gas boom, observers fear Russian oil and gas company Rosneft is conducting oil and gas exploration work that may have caused the critically endangered western gray whale to flee its main feeding ground. Tests and offshore installment of equipment by Rosneft for a major seismic survey began in late August, despite repeated calls from 12 governments, NGOs, scientists and the public to postpone the survey because of potential risks to the whales. Radiologists identify and treat teenage self-injury Using ultrasound and a minimally invasive procedure, radiologists can identify and treat patients who engage in a disturbing self-injury behavior known as self-embedding, according to a new study. Colorful mix of asteroids discovered, may aid future space travel New research from NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope reveals that asteroids somewhat near Earth, termed near-Earth objects, are a mixed bunch, with a surprisingly wide array of compositions. Compounds in non-stick cookware may be associated with elevated cholesterol in children and teens Children and teens with higher blood levels of chemicals used in the production of non-stick cookware and waterproof fabrics appear more likely to have elevated total and LDL cholesterol levels, according to a new article. Insect brains are rich stores of new antibiotics Cockroaches could be more of a health benefit than a health hazard, according to scientists who have discovered powerful antibiotic properties in the brains of cockroaches and locusts. Discovery of mixer cells: Mixer cells relax tissue tension during embryogenesis Researchers have recently identified cells that surprisingly change identity during embryogenesis in the Drosophila. By studying these "mixer cells" in a healing model, the scientists demonstrated that they helped to relax tissue tension, allowing perfect intercalation of the epidermis. Six times more insect species in tropical mountains than predicted How many species of insects exist? Researchers found that in tropical mountains there are six times more insects than shown in global calculations. The insects in these areas are also highly specialized in their choice of food. Less is more: Teens who sleep less eat more fatty foods and snacks, study shows Teens who slept less than eight hours on weeknights consumed 2.2 percent more calories from fats and 3 percent fewer calories from carbs than teens who slept eight hours or more, according to new research. In secondary analyses stratified by sex, the results were significant among girls but not boys. Also, for each one-hour increase in sleep duration, the odds of consuming a high amount of calories from snacks decreased by an average of 21 percent. Extreme survival: 'Conan the Bacterium' reveals its recipe for success The discovery of long-sought chemical antioxidants in the world's toughest microbe is reported in a breakthrough study. First studied nearly 50 years ago, this bacterium can survive massive exposures to gamma-radiation, ultraviolet radiation, desiccation, and other agents which kill cells by generating reactive oxygen species. Hallucinogen can safely ease anxiety in advanced-stage cancer patients, study suggests In the first human study of its kind to be published in more than 35 years, researchers found psilocybin, an hallucinogen which occurs naturally in "magic mushrooms," can safely improve the moods of patients with advanced-stage cancer and anxiety. Visual pattern preference may be indicator of autism in toddlers Using eye-tracking methods, researchers have shown that toddlers with autism spend significantly more time visually examining dynamic geometric patterns than they do looking at social images -- a viewing pattern not found in either typical or developmentally delayed toddlers. More infants should receive iron supplements, researchers urge Giving iron supplements to children with marginally low birth weights (2000-2500 grams) dramatically reduces the risk of developing iron deficiency and anemia. 'Slow light' on a chip holds promise for optical communications A tiny optical device built into a silicon chip has achieved the slowest light propagation on a chip to date, reducing the speed of light by a factor of 1,200. Memory problems more common in men? A new study shows that mild cognitive impairment may affect more men than women. Melting rate of icecaps in Greenland and Western Antarctica lower than expected The Greenland and West Antarctic ice caps are melting at half the speed previously predicted, according to analysis of recent satellite data. What are babies made of? Research shows for some it is sugar, salt and not all things nice Children as young as four weeks old are being fed a poor diet of biscuits, ice-cream and soft drinks, according to new research. A new study found some month-old babies had been introduced to high fat, salt and sugar foods, despite health authorities recommending exclusive breastfeeding to six months of age. |
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